There are many laws that pertain to gases. Among them are the following:CHARLE'S LAW: the volume of a gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature.
Under this law, when a balloon is inflated at a certain temperature, the walls
expand until the pressure inside and outside the balloon are almost equal.
This does not, however, change the amount of gas present in the balloon.BOYLE'S LAW: the volume of a gas at constant temperature is inversely proportional to the pressure.
Boyle's law had a basic formula to follow: pressure times volume equals to the constant (a unit of measurement that is dependent on the gas), or simply:
PV=k
atm. is short for atmosphere, and
torr. is another unit of measurementDALTON'S LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURE: the total pressure in a gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressure of the individual components.
As the picture below illustrates, the sum of the pressure that each gas exerts equals to the total pressure that is present in the (upper portion of the) tube. The amount of pressure that each element exerts is not affected by the other element's presence.
GRAHAM'S LAW OF EFFUSION: the rates of effusion for two gases are inversely proportional to the square roots of their molar masses at the same temperature and pressure.
The formula for this law is as follows:
The denser the gas, the longer it will take to excape from its container.
What are the characteristics of gases?
